NVQ help please

hi, i am doing a NVQ and one of the modules is on programmable controllers. Looking online i am struggling to find the answer to a coupe of the questions. I am only doing level 2 so the answers do not need to go into loads of detail. If someone could point me in the right direction for the following questions i would be most grateful.

1) what are the different programming codes used to identify factors such as sensor inputs, actuators and other outputs?

2) how do you translate the operating criteria into logic format

Cheers in advance
Ed