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#1
May 28th, 2002, 10:56 PM
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about {} braces in C++
my book is going over the part of if statements so i skimmed through it and what not.... i noticed that the author doesn't use these {} in some of his examples. at the end of the chapters, one of the assignments is to compile a code and see how it was different from what you guessed would happen. here is the code:
Code:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int a = 2, b = 2, c;
if(c = (a-b))
cout << "The vale of c is: ";
cout << c;
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
i saw that the error was in 'c' not being assigned by == but that is not the point. the parts Code:
if(c = (a-b))
cout << "The vale of c is: ";
cout << c;
if you change that to Code:
if(c = (a-b))
{
cout << "The vale of c is: ";
cout << c;
}
it will no longer compile, it says it gets confused and it quote "bails out", why?
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#2
May 29th, 2002, 08:24 AM
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hmm...
First of all the statement c=(a-b) it is not wrong because it does not check if the c is equal to a-b, but it the assignment of the abstraction a-b to c is succesfull.
As of the missing braces, they are not necessary, if the rest of your code does not have any other condition, and of course you want it to be in the if statement. Now about the error you get when you insert braces, it may has to do with the system("PAUSE") statement. The reason I can think of now, is that you have already paused the application (even just for a moment) when you close the if statement with braces, so there is nothing left to pause because there is no other statement between the if and the system command. At least maybe it is somthing relative to that.
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#3
May 29th, 2002, 01:24 PM
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If you are running on linux (or any other *nix) change the PAUSE to sleep 1.
system ("sleep 1"); I think that one point of the exercise is to notice the buffered output. You ( or at least i did) expect it to print the value of 'c' (0) and then pause for a sec and then end the program. That is not infact what happens. Instead when you run it, it pauses for a second and then 'displays' the value of 'c'. It's not that the system() command is being executed first, its that the output if buffered and doesn't actually print until the buffer is full or the buffer is flushed (in this case when the program ends). edit: Also interesting is to change a from 2 to 3. The if-statement doesn't test whether the assignment was successful, its tests the value being assigned to, in this case 'c'. if c == 0 as in the first case then this is equivalent to if ( 0 ) which is false so it doesn't print "The value of c is:". if you change a to 3 then the evaluation becomes if ( 1 ) which is true so the statement IS printed. This is a danger in using assignments (among other things) as test statements. jaa
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#4
May 29th, 2002, 01:30 PM
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Funny thing:
Code:
int a = 2, b = 2, c;
if(c = (a-b))
cout << "The vale of c is: ";
cout << c;
system("PAUSE");
Should output: Code:
0Press any key to continue... Since c is assigned the value of a - b, and equal to zero, the string from the if clause is never printed. The value 0 should then be printed, followed by the pause prompt. But I get the zero after the pause prompt. Weird. Adding the braces shouldn't cause a problem. And infact, it works on my system, albeit for the above mentioned oddity. Like already said, it might have something to do with the system() call and how it interacts with your OS.
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#5
May 29th, 2002, 07:21 PM
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justice41:
about the c=(a-b) we are saying the same thing. You don't need to say it in another way. if a-b is 0 the assignment in the expression is 0 so its the same as false in an if.
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#7
May 30th, 2002, 01:26 PM
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Re: hmm...
Quote:
Slight correction. It doesn't check if the assignment is successful or not, but checks the result of the assignment. c=3-2 is a successful assignment, and the result (1) allows the statement within the if {} to be called. c=3-3 is also a successful assignment, but the result (0) will not allow the statement within the if {} to be called. You might think you are saying the same thing as justice42, but you aren't. 
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