I think I am understanding this? You want to have a web page that has a form that will update a page on your web site with the contents of the form? To do so you should use PHP. PHP is a complete server side programing language. If you want to use it your server needs to be set up to allow this. Javascript will not be able to change any information on your web site by itself (unless you use some kind of server side javascript). The normal way to post data with PHP would be to send it as a form. When a form is submited you can specify a php page
Code:
<form action="fileToRecieveFormFields.php" method="GET">
<input type="text" name="variable" value="valueStoredInVariable" > </input>
<input type="submit"></input>
</form>
this will send the user to a page "fileToRecieveFormFields.php" that can process the entries into the form. All the input fields will be accessible as variables. You can use the variables passed in via forms to create the content for the page the user has been redirected to. You can also use the variables to create a new file on the server that can be displayed.
The posibilities of PHP are endless. For instance I use PHP for my photo album. When it is loaded it searches for photos in certain directories and lets the user choose which folders contents to display. So all I have to do is create a new folder and drop in pictures and PHP does all the rest. You can use PHP for searching databases of info on the server, or for creating Messageboards, or even chat rooms(if used in conjunction with javascript).
On a side note. You should be carefull when allowing anyone to post directly to a web page for security reasons. They could do something malicious like post HTML tags or script tags. Or if you are using php they could post something to the PHP file that might end up getting run, and then have the ability to run file system comands (create files/delete files) on your web server. You should always have a way to check through their post and make sure at the very least they dont have tags in it. Also what if they posted something like:
then you saved that to a file and allowed someone to open that file as HTML. Esentially anything in the <?php> tag would run. They could put in something malicious like code to check all your directories and delete everything they find.